• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device (1) for the application of plant protection products comprising a drone (2) equipped with atomization means (10), at least one baffle (4) jointed hinged to the drone (2), wherein said baffle (4) houses the atomization means (10) of the phytosanitary product, and where it further comprises a servomotor (5) adapted to generate at least a first movement of the baffle (4) toward a desired spray direction, wherein said first movement depends on the position of the deflector (4), the position of the drone (2) and the position of the object to be sprayed (6). The servomotor (5) can also be adapted to generate a second movement of the deflector (4) where said second movement is oscillatory in order to generate turbulence. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2589150A1
    申请号:ES201631005
    申请日:2016-07-22
    公开日:2016-11-10
    发明作者:Elías LÓPEZ ALBA；Francisco Alberto DÍAZ GARRIDO；Juan Antonio ALMAZÁN LÁZARO；Miguel Ángel ALMAZÁN LÁZARO
    申请人:Universidad de Jaen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Device for the application of phytosanitary products Object of the invention
    The invention is intended for the application of phytosanitary products in predominantly horizontal or vertical arboreal masses, as well as for large areas of cultivation, such as olive cultivation, or other types of plantations, intensive or extensive, as well as ornamental plantations.
    Background of the invention
    The systems dedicated to the application of phytosanitary products both in the leaf mass of the plant and in the soil are experiencing strong developments in recent years. Due to the danger posed by the application of phytosanitary products for people's health, as well as their negative impact on the environment, there has been a greater awareness in recent years of the population and regulatory entities regarding the importance of Efficient application of phytosanitary products. In addition, the reduction of costs in the performance of agricultural tasks, translates into greater competitiveness of products in the market, which is why technological advances in these tasks are of vital importance for an improvement in productivity and efficiency of the agricultural sector.
    At present, the application of these products can be done by land or air vehicles. In most cases the application of phytosanitary products with land vehicles generates a high level of losses of chemical product due to the effect of drift, with the consequent negative effect on the environment, the health of people and the economic impact on production costs In the same way, in most land vehicles there is no conduction or controlled directionality of the air flow that is used as a means to project the phytosanitary product and move the foliage of trees. With regard to aerial application vehicles, these have been widely used in recent decades, with light aircraft being the
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    Main means of application. In recent years, it is betting on the use of unmanned vehicles, such as drones, for the application of these chemicals. There are numerous works in this regard from the Higher Council for Scientific Research, the University of Cordoba, the University of Japan as well as numerous related patents. The state of the art in the application of phytosanitary products by unmanned vehicles can be classified into two main types, which are based on the use of one or more spray nozzles incorporated under two types of vehicles:
    Fixed-wing vehicle: with a mainly linear displacement, they are mostly used in linear applications in large-scale and low-bearing plantations, since the chemical is deposited by gravity on the leaf mass, without being forcedly directed by any flow of air. Its application, as is the case with traditional spray planes, is restricted to very specific applications (or in cases of emergency) given the levels of chemical losses that are generated, and to the aforementioned consequences on health, the environment and production costs associated with the low efficiency of application of phytosanitary products.
    Rotary wing vehicle: with mainly vertical movement capacity and a wide maneuverability. They provide the versatility necessary to treat any type of plant, of any morphology and / or size. In all cases, the flow of air generated in the vertical propulsion of the air system is used to project the phytosanitary product vertically and improve the penetration of the product in the foliar mass of the crop.
    Different land systems and mechanisms have recently emerged for land vehicles that aim to optimize the application of these products. These devices are based on the incorporation of different nozzle arrangements and orienting them in different directions, as shown in Figure 1.
    Likewise, since the last few years, the use of drones or unmanned vehicles has proliferated in various applications in various sectors. Its use in agriculture is experiencing a great advance of unmanned vehicles in the last decade. The use of vehicles
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    Unmanned allows progress in the application of phytosanitary products overcoming the limitations presented by the means of application currently used. The works currently developed on unmanned vehicles are limited only to the incorporation of nozzles in them to allow a better application of the phytosanitary product in agriculture.
    It is therefore desirable in the state of the art a device for the application of phytosanitary products capable of improving the efficiency of the application of the product, as well as the penetration thereof, while reducing the cost and the impact on the environment and health associated with the use of conventional devices.
    Description of the invention
    The invention consists of a device for the application of phytosanitary products, which is presented as an improvement compared to what is known in the state of the art, since it manages to satisfactorily achieve the previously stated objectives as suitable for the technique.
    The device for the application of phytosanitary products that the present invention proposes, comprises a drone provided with atomization means, at least one deflector connected articulated to the drone, where said deflector houses the atomization means of the phytosanitary product, and a servomotor adapted to generate at least a first movement of the deflector towards a desired atomization direction, where said first movement depends on the position of the deflector, the position of the drone and the position of the object to be sprayed.
    Thus, the device that the present invention proposes, allows to orientate the current of air that affects it, and more particularly, on the deflector, to apply the phytosanitary product in the desired direction.
    According to the invention, the desired application direction depends on the position of the deflector, the position of the drone and the position of the object to be sprayed. In this way, the device is able to channel the air flow to an application direction.
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    desired, improving the efficiency of the application of the phytosanitary product through the reduction of the drift effect of the sprayed product that causes the decrease in application efficiency. Thus, due to the optimization of the application of the phytosanitary product, the present invention allows to reduce the impact that the dispersion of phytosanitary products in the air, generates on the environment, health and the increase of production costs.
    In a preferred embodiment, the servomotor is also adapted to generate a second movement of the deflector where said second movement is of the oscillatory type. In this way, the device allows to increase the turbulence of the flow, and thus increase the penetration of the phytosanitary product in the leaf mass. With this movement, the product is applied on both sides of the sheet, and not only on the top of it as it currently happens.
    Preferably, the device also comprises an articulated arm, attached to the drone and provided with a free end on which the deflector is arranged, and where the servomotor is attached to the arm to generate the movement of the deflector.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the arm comprises at least one tensioner arranged along it, where said tensioner is attached to the servomotor to allow longitudinal stiffening of the arm. Thus, the invention allows, by stiffening the arm, to direct the deflector, and consequently, the atomization means, towards the desired direction.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the arm comprises at least one cross member arranged transversely to it for stiffening. Thus, the invention allows the orientation of the arm, and consequently, of the means of atomization of the device. In said case, and preferably, the traverse can comprise at least one nozzle for dispensing the phytosanitary product. Thus, the dispensation of the product is faster, and extensive.
    Preferably, the arm has a flexible surface to drive the air flow to the deflector. In this way, the arm functions as a baffle, collecting and channeling the air flow to be used for the application of the phytosanitary product.
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    According to a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a supply duct attached to the atomization means of the phytosanitary product. Through this conduit, the device will receive the phytosanitary product to be applied, which, normally, will be stored in an auxiliary equipment on land, associated with the device.
    Preferably, the means of atomization of the phytosanitary product are constituted by at least one nozzle.
    Preferably, the device may comprise two baffles mounted at opposite ends of the drone to cover the sides of two rows of crop in a plantation in which the separation between rows is sufficiently reduced.
    The advantages can be summarized in:
    - Reduction of drift, a smaller amount of phytosanitary product is necessary to perform the same task due to the conduction of the air flow.
    - Less environmental and health impact.
    - Reduction of the cost of the agricultural task.
    - Flexible system, valid for both sheet and floor application, independently or at the same time.
    - Reduction of the weight of the vehicle, therefore, increasing its autonomy by supplying the phytosanitary product (with the necessary pressure for atomization) and the autonomy necessary for its flight from another autonomous vehicle on land, synchronized with the aerial vehicle.
    - With the same servomotor two different ends are achieved, the first is the orientation of the air flow and the second is the generation of turbulence.
    • The first movement allows the application of phytosanitary products in different angles, adapting completely to the different tree or plantation geometries. Being indicated for horizontal or vertical arboreal masses. This movement will be given by the position of the device and the desired direction of application.
    • The second movement given by the same servomotor is oscillating and its objective is to generate turbulence and favor the movement of the leaf, applying the phytosanitary product not only on the outside of it.
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    - When the air is channeled, it will increase its speed, thus increasing its penetration, reducing its drift and improving the efficiency of application of the phytosanitary product.
    - Possibility of installing two baffles at both ends, covering both sides of the rows of a plantation in a single pass.
    Description of the drawings
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, some drawings are included as an integral part of said description. Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
    Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of a land vehicle of the state of the art.
    Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the device for the application of phytosanitary products, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 3.- Shows a detailed view of the device for the application of phytosanitary products, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4.- Shows several front views of the device for the application of phytosanitary products in use.
    Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
    Figure 2 shows the device 1 for the application of phytosanitary products that the present invention proposes. As can be seen, the device 1 comprises a drone 2, provided with propellers 13 and landing gear 12 to carry out the flight and allow its positioning on the ground.
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    Likewise, the device 1 comprises atomization means 10, a deflector 4 in which said atomization means 10 are arranged, and a servomotor 5 to effect the movement of the deflector 4.
    As seen in Figure 2, the deflector 4 is arranged at the free end of an articulated arm 7, connected to the drone 2 through the servomotor 5.
    The servomotor 5 is adapted to generate a first movement of the deflector 4 towards a desired atomization direction, where said first movement depends on the position of the deflector 4, the position of the drone 2 and the position of the object to be sprayed 6, and a second movement of the deflector 4 where said second movement is of the oscillatory type and thanks to which the turbulence of the application flow is increased, thereby increasing the penetration of the phytosanitary product in the leaf mass as it is applied on both sides of the sheet, and not only at the top of this as is the case with the currently available media.
    As can be seen in Figure 2, the arm 7 also comprises at least one cross member 9 arranged transversely to it for stiffening, so that the arm 7 can be oriented in the desired atomization direction.
    Likewise, as seen in Figure 2, the traverse 9 comprises at least one nozzle 10 for dispensing the phytosanitary product. Other embodiments may comprise more nozzles so that the atomization is faster and more extensive.
    The device 1 of Figure 2 also includes a supply duct 11 connected to the atomization means of the phytosanitary product. These supply means connect it hydraulically with a tank containing the plant protection product to be applied. In this way the weight of the device is reduced, which does not need to be provided with a tank with the product to be applied, which increases its autonomy both from the energy point of view and from the supply of product to be applied.
    Figure 3 shows a detail of the device 1 for the application of phytosanitary products. As noted, the arm 7 comprises at least one tensioner 14 arranged along the
    same, where said tensioner 14 is connected to the servomotor 5 to allow longitudinal stiffening of the arm 7 and thus allow the orientation of the arm 7, the deflector 4, and the atomization means 10 towards the desired atomization direction.
    5 Preferably, the arm 7 has a flexible surface to drive the air flow (FA) towards the deflector 4, so that the arm 7 also contributes to the function of channeling the air flow with the sprayed plant protection product (FA + PF) made by the baffle 4. In this way, the invention reduces the drift effect, which conventionally reduces the effectiveness of the application of the phytosanitary product with the
    10 economic, environmental and health consequences that this implies.
    Finally, Figures 4a and 4b show the application of the device 1 that the present invention proposes in which it can be seen how the device 1 is capable of adapting to various morphologies and types of crops to be sprayed.
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    Finally, in view of this description and figures, the person skilled in the art may understand that the invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments, without departing from the object of the Invention as claimed.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
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    1. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products comprising a drone (2) provided with atomization means (10) characterized in that it comprises at least one deflector (4) connected in an articulated manner to the drone (2) , where said deflector (4) houses the atomization means (10) of the phytosanitary product, and also that it comprises a servomotor (5) adapted to generate at least a first movement of the deflector (4) towards a desired atomization direction, where said first movement depends on the position of the deflector (4), the position of the drone (2) and the position of the object to be sprayed (6).
    [2]
    2. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to claim 1, characterized in that the servomotor (5) is also adapted to generate a second movement of the deflector (4) where said second movement is of oscillatory type.
    [3]
    3. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises an articulated arm (7), attached to the drone (2) and provided with a free end in which it is arranged the deflector (4), and where the servomotor (5) is attached to the arm (7) to generate the movement of the deflector (4).
    [4]
    4. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to claim 3, characterized in that the arm (7) comprises at least one tensioner (14) arranged along it, where said tensioner (14) is attached to the servomotor (5) to allow longitudinal stiffening of the arm (7).
    [5]
    5. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of claims 3-4, characterized in that the arm (7) comprises at least one crossbar (9) arranged transverse to it for stiffening.
    [6]
    6. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to claim 5, characterized in that the traverse (9) comprises at least one nozzle for dispensing the phytosanitary product.
    [7]
    7. A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of claims 3-6, characterized in that the arm (7) has a flexible surface to drive the air flow to the deflector (4).
    5 8.- A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of the
    previous claims, characterized in that it also comprises a supply duct (11) attached to the means of atomization of the phytosanitary product.
    [9]
    9. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of the previous 10 claims, characterized in that the atomization means (10) of the
    Phytosanitary products consist of at least one nozzle.
    [10]
    10. - A device (1) for the application of phytosanitary products, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two baffles (4)
    15 mounted on opposite ends of the drone (2).
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    同族专利:
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    ES2589150B2|2017-04-11|
    WO2018015606A1|2018-01-25|
    引用文献:
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    CN203876984U|2014-06-05|2014-10-15|长沙威航农业科技有限公司|Novel remote control pesticide spraying helicopter|
    CN204837684U|2015-07-31|2015-12-09|刘畅|Big -arch shelter greenhouse plant protection equipment|
    CN203876980U|2014-06-09|2014-10-15|北京航空航天大学|Intelligent self-driven all-moved aerial rudder|
    法律状态:
    2017-04-11| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2589150 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20170411 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201631005A|ES2589150B2|2016-07-22|2016-07-22|Device for the application of phytosanitary products|ES201631005A| ES2589150B2|2016-07-22|2016-07-22|Device for the application of phytosanitary products|
    PCT/ES2017/070530| WO2018015606A1|2016-07-22|2017-07-21|Device for the application of phytosanitary products|
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